A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty which resulted in harm to the plaintiff.
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A judge's directions to the jury before it begins deliberations regarding the factual questions it must answer and the legal rules that it must apply.
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The group of persons selected to hear the evidence in a trial and render a verdict on matters of fact. See also grand jury.
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An official of the Judicial branch with authority to decide lawsuits brought before courts. Used generically, the term judge may also refer to all judicial officers, including Supreme Court justices.
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A form of discovery consisting of written questions to be answered in writing and under oath.
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